Fig. 1: Knockdown of haao-1 extends healthy lifespan in C. elegans. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Knockdown of haao-1 extends healthy lifespan in C. elegans.

From: On the benefits of the tryptophan metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse aging

Fig. 1

a Kynurenine pathway schematic (created with BioRender). Metabolites are shown in bubbles. C. elegans gene names for enzymes are shown in italics. RNAi knockdown of kynu-1, haao-1, or tdo-2: b extends lifespan at 15 °C, 20 °C, and 25 °C (colored text indicates change in mean lifespan relative to empty vector (EV) RNAi); c slows growth but allows worms to maintain body size (i.e., worm area) later in life; and d slows motivated and unmotivated crawl speed early in life but allows worms to maintain speed and thrashing frequency in liquid later in life. For box-and-whisker plots, center line represents median, boxes indicate first and third quartiles, and whiskers represent 5th and 95th percentiles. e tdo-2(RNAi) reduces brood size at 15 °C while kynu-1(RNAi) increased brood size at 25 °C. Lifespan extension from kynu-1(RNAi), haao-1(RNAi), or tdo-2(RNAi) displays different patterns of dependence on (f) tissue and (g) genes in established aging pathways. Error bars indicate standard error of mean. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (log rank test, panels b, f, g; two-sided Welch’s t test, panels c–e). Abbreviations: TRP tryptophan, NFK N-formylkynurenine, KYN kynurenine, KA kynurenic acid, AA anthranilic acid, 3HK 3-hydroxykynurenine, XA xanthurenic acid, 3HAA 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, CA cinnabarinic acid, ACMSA aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde, AMSA aminomuconic semialdehyde, QA quinolinic acid, Acetyl-CoA acetyl coenzyme A, NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Summary statistics are provided in Supplementary Data 1 and source data are provided in Source Data.

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