Fig. 2: AtRNH1A^WT and AtRNH1A^D109N alleviate and reinforce the inhibition of CPT, respectively.

a Root phenotypes of 15-day-old Col-0 and atm with estrogen-induced AtRNH1A^WT (abbreviated as 1A^WT) and AtRNH1A^D160N (abbreviated as 1A^D160N) overexpression. After germination (~3 days) on 1/2 MS medium, the plants were transferred to 1/2 MS medium containing 50 μM β-estradiol (abbreviated as ES) and induced for 36 h, further grown on 1/2 MS medium containing DMSO, 30 nM CPT or 30 nM CPT with 50 μM β-estradiol for 10 days. Scale bar: 1 cm. b The quantitative data of root lengths for Fig. 2a. Lines represent mean ± SD, n = 15 (one-way ANOVA). c Western blot analysis of 15-day-old seedlings corresponding to Fig. 2a, with FLAG antibody. CBB staining was used as the loading control. d PI staining corresponding to Fig. 2a. The white triangle indicates the boundary of the meristematic zone and elongation zone. Scale bar: 100 μm. e R-loop levels indicated by S9.6 in mutants related to Supplementary Fig. 5. Mean intensity was evaluated using Image J. Lines represent mean ± SD, n = 100 (one-way ANOVA). f DNA damage levels indicated by γH2AX in mutants related to Supplementary Fig. 5. Mean intensity was evaluated using Image J. Lines represent mean ± SD, n = 100 (one-way ANOVA). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.