Fig. 3: Loss of TMIGD2 inhibits human AML development and promotes myeloid differentiation in vivo.

a Representative images of tibia and femur from mice engrafted with shCtrl or shTMIGD2 HEL cells. b Representative flow cytometry plots (left) and statistics (right) of BM cells from mice inoculated with shCtrl or shTMIGD2 HEL cells. c Representative flow cytometry histogram (left) and quantification (right) of CD41 expression on BM hCD45⁺ cells isolated from NSG mice engrafted with shCtrl or shTMIGD2 HEL cells. d Kaplan–Meier survival curves of mice transplanted with shCtrl or shTMIGD2 HEL cells (n = 5 per group, three independent experiments). The p value was calculated by the log-rank test. e Images of NGS mice that were engrafted with Tet-On shRNAs Kasumi-1 cells and treated with doxycycline at day 5 post engraftment to induce shRNA expression. Radiance (p/sec/cm²/Sr). f Leukemia progression was quantified by bioluminescence. Total flux [p/s] for Tet-On shCtrl versus Tet-On shTMIGD2 Kasumi-1 cell line-derived xenograft mice. g Average growth curves of subcutaneous shCtrl and shTMIGD2 HEL tumors in NSG mice. h Representative intravital 3D flattened images of shCtrl-tdTomato and shTMIGD2-GFP HEL leukemia cells in the BM of NSG-recipients. Top, cell ratio for i.v. injection shCtrl-tdTomato: shTMIGD2-GFP = 1:1; bottom, cell ratio for i.v. injection shCtrl-tdTomato: shTMIGD2-GFP = 1:5. i Comparison of shCtrl-tdTomato and shTMIGD2-GFP cell percentage in the BM of NSG-recipients engrafted with mixed shCtrl-tdTomato and shTMIGD2-GFP HEL cells at the ratio of 1:1 (left) or 1:10 (right). Mean ± SEM values are shown for Fig. 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 by two-tailed Student’s t test (b, c, f, g) or paired Student’s t test (i). For b–c and i, color dots represent individual mice. Results are representative of three independent experiments. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.