Fig. 2: Electrocatalytic performance of Cu–F in 1 cm2 flow cell.

a LSV curves in Ar and 70% C2H2/Ar. b partial current density for C2H4 and H2. c Faraday efficiency for C2H4 and H2 at various potential and the corresponding current density, the maximum measurement error is ±5%. d C2H4 formation rate. e Long-term stability at a constant current density of 200 mA cm−2. All tests are measured using a three-electrode flow cell (1 cm2) in 1 M KOH at room temperature under 70 mol% C2H2/Ar flow (30 mL min−1). The results are presented without iR compensation except (e). For (e), the R = 9.4 Ω.