Fig. 1: Phylogeny of E. coli and S. enterica isolates collected from 10 commercial broiler farms in China.

(a) Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the whole cohort of E. coli isolates based on core genome of the 518 isolates, cultured from the animal and environmental samples collected from the 10 farms and 4 abattoirs. Phylogroups are shown as coloured sections. Sample source, region and number of resistance classes are shown as rings around the tree. b Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the whole cohort of S. enterica isolates based on core genome of the 143 isolates, cultured from the animal and environmental samples collected from the 10 farms and 4 abattoirs. Serotypes are shown as coloured sections. Sample source, region and number of resistance classes are shown as rings around the tree. Farm names are abbreviated: Henan 1 (HN1), Henan 2 (HN2) Henan 3 (HN3), Liaoning 1 (LN1), Liaoning 2 (LN2), Liaoning 3 (LN3), Shandong 1 (SD1), Shandong 2 (SD2), Shandong 3 (SD3), Shandong 4 (SD4).