Fig. 1: Li stoichiometry as a tuning handle for the structural and morphological control during synthesis of Ni/Mn-based CAMs. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Li stoichiometry as a tuning handle for the structural and morphological control during synthesis of Ni/Mn-based CAMs.

From: Cobalt-free composite-structured cathodes with lithium-stoichiometry control for sustainable lithium-ion batteries

Fig. 1

a Composition-property correlation in the Li-Ni-Mn-(Co) space, highlighting the performance merits in terms of capacity, cycling stability and safety, which, however, may be compromised by the unavoidable Li/Ni mixing (inset), arising from the low energy barrier (ΔE) for Ni migration to Li sites within octahedra of the layered framework in the absence of Co (Red: Oxygen, Green: Li, Gray: Ni/Mn). b Morphological tuning via Li stoichiometry, demonstrated by the abrupt difference in particle size and shape of calcined LixNi0.95Mn0.05O2 at x = 0.95 (left) and x = 1.05 (right) from the same hydroxide precursor (Ni0.95Mn0.05(OH)2; middle). Top: cartoons; Bottom: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Scale bars: 5 µm in Fig. 1b and 1 µm in the insets, respectively.

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