Fig. 4: Exploration of the interactions between OH and the Ce1-Run/NC catalyst.
From: Oxophilic Ce single atoms-triggered active sites reverse for superior alkaline hydrogen evolution

a CV curves of the Ce1-Run/NC, Run/NC, and Run-CeO2/NC catalysts measured in 1.0 M KOH solution. b Schematic illustration of the bonding trend between OH and Ce. In situ Raman spectra of the (c) Ce1-Run/NC catalyst and the (d) Run/NC catalyst under real alkaline HER conditions. e Fitted Raman curve of the Ce-N stretching vibration in the blank Ce1-Run/NC catalyst. f Fitted Raman curve of the Ce-N stretching vibration of the Ce1-Run/NC in the presence of OH.