Fig. 2: Molecular characteristics and immune microenvironment of CCA classes.

a Heatmap representing the enrichment of hallmark gene sets. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to obtain enrichment scores, with samples from the same subtype indicated with a normalized z-score. Box plots representing b the estimation of stromal compartment (ESTIMATE package); c the estimation of hypoxia signature score (ssGSEA) in each class; d relative RNA expression of VEGFA; e relative RNA expression of VEGFC; f relative RNA expression of HIF1A; g the abundance of macrophage M2 (CIBERSORTx); h the abundance of regulatory T (Treg) cells (CIBERSORTx); i the estimation of T cell exclusion (TIDE software); j the abundance of CD8+ cytotoxic cells (CIBERSORTx). Box plots show median, interquartile values, range and outliers (individual points), C1, n = 58; C2, n = 106. P values were calculated by two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test.