Fig. 4: Inflammatory cytokine and chemokines profiling of VEXAS syndrome.
From: VEXAS syndrome is characterized by inflammasome activation and monocyte dysregulation
A Principal component analysis of the cytokine and chemokine data according to dimensions 1, 2 and 3. Median values for each patients’ group are plotted with the large colored circle. Each dot represents a single patient. B Correlation matrices across all values of cytokines and chemokines from patient blood, comparing patients with VEXAS and VEXAS-like. Only significant correlations (<0.05) are represented as squares. Pearson’s correlation coefficients from comparisons of cytokine and chemokine measurements within the same patients are visualized by color intensity. C IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ from patients with VEXAS, VEXAS-like, MDS and healthy controls (IL-6, ****P < 0.0001, *P = 0.0156 and *P = 0.0267; TNF-α, *P = 0.0377). Each dot represents a single patient. D IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-1RA from patients with VEXAS, VEXAS-like, MDS and healthy controls (IL-1β, ***P = 0.0002 and **P = 0.0016; IL-18, ***P = 0.0002, **P = 0.0022 and **P = 0.0050; IL-1RA, ***P = 0.0006, **P = 0.0016 and *P = 0.0164). Each dot represents a single patient. E Calprotectin and galectin-3 from patients with VEXAS, VEXAS-like, MDS and healthy controls (calprotectin, ***P = 0.0006 and **P = 0.0012; galectin-3, ***P = 0.0009). Each dot represents a single patient. P values were determined by the two-sided Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s post test for multiple group comparisons. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.
