Fig. 2: Schematic of the representative *CO₂ adsorption structures.

Local interactions between *CO₂ at Cu(100) surface and the surrounding environment: a Schematic of the bidentate adsorption of *CO₂ at Cu surface in an explicit solvent with C and one of the O atoms coordinating with Cu, and the other O atom forming hydrogen bonds (light blue dashed lines) with surrounding water. b Schematic of the side configuration of Li⁺ or Na⁺ coordinated with only one O atom of *CO₂ (magenta dashed line). c Schematic of the bridge configuration of K⁺ or Cs⁺ coordinated with both two O atoms of *CO₂.