Fig. 2: Cytotoxicity and ICD induction in GL261 cells and GSCs.

a Cytotoxicity results of GL261 cells after receiving different treatments (concentration unit: μg/mL, incubation time: 24 h. PTX concentration = 0, 1, and 2 μg/mL, n = 3 biologically independent samples. PTX concentration = 0.5 μg/mL, n = 4 biologically independent samples. PTX concentration = 0.25 and 5 μg/mL, n = 5 biologically independent samples). b Apoptosis results of GL261 cells after receiving different treatments (PTX concentration = 2 μg/mL, incubation time: 24 h. PBS, blank micelle and APM groups, n = 4 biologically independent samples. Free PTX, AM and PM groups, n = 3 biologically independent samples) c, d Exposure and quantification of CRT exposure on the surface of GL261 cells after receiving different treatments (scale bar = 20 μm) (n = 4 biologically independent samples). e, f The levels of released HMGB1 and ATP after receiving different treatments (n = 4 biologically independent samples). g Gating strategy to assess the levels of MHCII, CD80, and CD86 in DC2.4 cells gated on Live⁺ CD11c⁺ cells^. h Promotion of DC2.4 maturation after co-incubation with pretreated GL261 cells (PBS group, n = 3 biologically independent samples, other groups, n = 4 biologically independent samples). i Cytotoxicity results of GSCs after receiving different treatments for 24 h (concentration unit: μg/mL, n = 3 biologically independent samples). j Qualification of the exposure of CRT on GSCs after receiving different treatments for 24 h, n = 3 biologically independent samples. All statistics are expressed as mean ± SD, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.