Fig. 6: Representative demonstrations of direct 4D printing of ceramics.
From: Direct 4D printing of ceramics driven by hydrogel dehydration
a–c Regular cube (a), Miura origami (b) and crane (c) evolved from flat patterns to 3D structures. The hydrogel-ceramic laminates are used as folding hinges while the non-bending segments consist of ceramic elastomer only. d The three-blade fan with twisted blades evolved from flat pattern with inclined hydrogel fibers on ceramic elastomer. Scale bars in (a–d), 10 mm. e The scorpion with bent claws, feet and curly tail evolved from flat pattern. Scale bars in (e), 5 mm.
