Fig. 4: Flaw-insensitive, self-healing, self-adhesive, and self-compliant properties of P(BA-co-MAA) ionogel.
From: Self-compliant ionic skin by leveraging hierarchical hydrogen bond association
a Tensile stress-strain curves of original and notched P(BA-co-MAA0.05) ionogels. b Self-healing process of the ionogel captured by an optical microscope. c Tensile curves of the ionogel healed for different periods at room temperature. d–f 90o peeling curves and corresponding interfacial toughnesses of the ionogel with various substrates in air and underwater. The inset in (d) is a photo of the peeling process. g Stress relaxation curves of P(BA-co-MAA) ionogel, PBA-co-PEGDA ionogel, and VHB tape measured at 200% tensile strain. h, i 90o peeling curves and corresponding interfacial toughnesses of the three samples before and after 1000 cycles of TPE substrate stretching. j Experimental set-up for cyclic lap-shear tests (strain: ±5%) with the adhesive samples sandwiched between porcine skins. k Lap-shear stress curves during the repeated loading-unloading cycles until adhesion failure. Data are presented as the mean values ± SD, n = 3 independent samples. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
