Fig. 9: The protein corona composition and accumulation of nanovesicles in tumors.

a Schematic illustration describing the characterization of protein coronas on nanovesicles recovered from tumors in mice injected with different nanovesicles. b Quantification of proteins adsorbed to the nanovesicles recovered from A549 and HeLa tumors. The data are displayed as the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent samples). c Qualitative molecular composition of the adsorbed protein layer on nanovesicles recovered from A549 and HeLa tumors by SDS-PAGE. d Western blotting assay of CD44 and OPN adsorbed on nanovesicles recovered from A549 and HeLa tumors. The data are displayed as the mean ± SD (two-tailed Student’s t-test. n = 3 independent samples). e In vivo fluorescence images of tumor-bearing mice after injection of nanovesicles. f Ex vivo fluorescence images and quantitative analysis of A549 and g HeLa tumors at 48 h postinjection. The data are displayed as the mean ± SD (two-tailed Student’s t-test. n = 3 mice). h Biodistribution of DiO-labeled nanovesicles in A549 and i HeLa tumor sections. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 10 μm (n = 3 independent samples). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.