Fig. 6: UPP1 inhibition improved the cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells and sensitized anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

a Experimental workflow, created with BioRender.com. UPP1-knockdown LLC tumor cells (sh) and control cells (shNC) were subcutaneously implanted into C57BL/6 mice with/without the treatment of with anti-PD-L1 antibodies (αPD-L1). b Tumors harvested from mice bearing LLC-UPP1-shNC tumor cells, LLC-UPP1-sh tumor cells, LLC-UPP1-shNC tumor cells treated with anti-PD-L1 antibody, and LLC-UPP1-sh tumor cells treated with anti-PD-L1 antibody (n = 4). c Tumor growth curves (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. d Tumor weight at day 30 (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. e Flow cytometry analysis of the proportion of CD8 + T cells infiltrated in the tumors (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. f Flow cytometry analysis of immune effector molecules, Perforin and Granzyme B, in CD8 + T cells (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. g Flow cytometry analysis of immune effector molecules, TNFα+ and IFNγ + , in CD8 + T cells (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons. n denotes biologically independent samples. Data are presented as mean ± SD in c–g. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.