Fig. 2: Differences in mtDNA variant composition associate with birthweight percentile in SC individuals.

a, b No significant differences in the prevalence of the haplogroups and subhaplogroups across birthweight percentiles, two-sided Fisher’s exact test with Bonferroni correction. c No significant differences in the percentages of individuals carrying homoplasmic variants in the different regions and categorized according to their birthweight percentile, two-sided Fisher’s exact test with Bonferroni correction. d Factor 2 scores in ART and SC children categorized according to their birthweight percentile. two-sided Mann–Whitney U test, *p = 0.04 and **p = 0.003, n ART < P10 = 19, n ART > P10 = 205, n SC < P10 = 9, n SC > P10 = 155, n ART < P25 = 41, n ART > P25 = 183, n SC < P25 = 26, n SC > P25 = 138 individuals. e Heteroplasmic loads of tRNA, rRNA, and synonymous (Syn) and non-synonymous (Non-syn) protein-coding variants found in SC and ART individuals, categorized to their birthweight percentile. Two-sided Man–Whitney U test, for rRNA variants <P10 **p = 0.01, <P25 **p = 0.007, for non-synonymous variants <P10 p = 0.067, <P25 *p = 0.034 and of non-synonymous and rRNA variants combined, * for <P10 p = 0.011, <P25 ***p = 0.001. f, g Number of ART and SC individuals, stratified for sex and birthweight percentile under or above P10 or P25, respectively, carrying non-synonymous and rRNA loci variants. <P25 SC females have a significantly higher incidence of non-synonymous and rRNA variants (* two-sided Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.012). h Percentages of SC and ART individuals being under and above P25 and carrying non-synonymous and rRNA loci variants, stratified by sex, and by culture medium to which the embryos were exposed. Horizontal bars in panels (d), and (e) represent the mean of the values in the scatter plot, each dot represents a sample. Source data are provided as a Source data file.