Fig. 1: T cell responses after CTH522/CAF®01 immunization in mice and humans.

a Design and sequence of CTH522, CTH523 and CTH518. b Experimental outline. c, e, g T cell responses in vaccinated mice. Female B6C3F1 mice were immunized three times s.c. with 10 µg CTH522/CAF®01 (CTH522) or sham-immunized (Control). Two weeks post 3rd immunization individual splenocytes were isolated and stimulated in vitro with (c) CTH522, (e) CTH523 and CTH518. IFN-γ and IL-17A responses were measured in supernatants after 3 days by ELISA. Graphs represent a pool of three individual experiments (sham-immunized n = 13, CTH522 immunized n = 12). CTH522/CAF®01 vaccinated and placebo participants. PBMC samples from CTH522 vaccinated (n = 13) and placebo samples (n = 5) were stimulated in vitro with (d) CTH522 and (f) CTH523 and CTH518. IFN-γ and IL-17A responses were measured in supernatants after 5 days by ELISA. Data points for both mice and humans represent cytokine levels in antigen stimulated wells after subtraction of media only and lines represent median responses with 25th and 75th percentiles for each group. c–f Two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test was used for comparison among groups. g IFN-γ responses after in vitro stimulation with 20–21-mer peptides overlapping CTH522 (Supplementary Table 1). Left y-axis (red bars) splenocytes from CTH522 vaccinated mice (n = 12). Each bar shows median peptide specific IFN-γ responses with 25th and 75th percentiles. Right y-axis (blue bars) peptide responses of human PBMC samples with a total CTH522 IFN-γ response >500 pg/ml (n = 10). Blue bars represent % responders out of the 10 donors with individual peptide responses >170 pg/ml (mean of peptide responses in the placebo group +4*SD). b Figure and c–g Mouse and human symbols were created with Biorender.com. c–g Source data are provided as a Source Data file.