Fig. 1: Study design and biopsy sites of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer treated with pembrolizumab. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Study design and biopsy sites of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer treated with pembrolizumab.

From: Gene-expression-based T-Cell-to-Stroma Enrichment (TSE) score predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in urothelial cancer

Fig. 1

a Flowchart of patient inclusion. Patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who were scheduled for systemic palliative treatment were selected from the prospective Center for Personalized Cancer Treatment (CPCT-02) patient cohort (n = 288). Patients were excluded if no tumor biopsy was obtained, the biopsy was non-evaluable (tumor cell percentage <20%), or in case patients were not treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy after biopsy. As a result, 70 patients were included for analysis. Whole-genome DNA sequencing (WGS) data were available for all 70 patients. Matched RNA-sequencing data were available for 41 of these patients, and tissues for immunofluorescence stainings were available for 20 of these patients. b Overview of the number of biopsies per metastatic site included in this study. Primary tumor samples were obtained from patients with locally advanced disease with synchronous distant metastases that were not safely accessible for a biopsy. *Other biopsy sites include adrenal gland (n = 2), peritoneum (n = 2), and local recurrence of the primary tumor (n = 1). Created with BioRender.com.

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