Fig. 2: Superexchange interaction in Sr2CuWO6.

a Cu 2p XPS spectra of Sr2CuWO6 and CuO/WO3. b W 4f XPS spectra of Sr2CuWO6 and CuO/WO3. c Cu K-edge XANES spectra of Sr2CuWO6. d W L3-edge XANES spectra of Sr2CuWO6. e Enlargement of Cu K-edge XANES spectra. f Enlargement of W L3-edge XANES spectra. g Top view of charge distribution between CuO6 and WO6 octahedra in Sr2CuWO6. Cu, W, and O are represented by blue, gray, and red dots, respectively. The light-blue regions (surrounding the Cu, O, and W sites) depict the electron transfer channels. h Schematic illustration of Cu–O–W superexchange interaction (electron transfer from Cu to W cations mediated by O anions) in Sr2CuWO6. The blue and gray octahedra represent CuO6 and WO6, respectively. i Schematic illustration of electronic DOS contributions (from O 2p and Cu 3d states) and Cu–O bond covalency for Sr2CuWO6 and CuO.