Fig. 5: Nested genetic complexity associated with blaCTX−M−15 mobilisation.

The “Tree” panel shows a neighbour-joining tree of Mash distances between chromosomes for isolates carrying a blaCTX−M−15 gene. Tip colours represent species/ST/phylogroup. The chromosomal copy 1 and 2 panels show the genetic context 5000 bp up- and downstream from chromosomal copies of the blaCTX−M−15 gene (shown in red); the plasmid copy panel shows this equivalent information for isolates carrying a plasmid-borne copy of this gene. The outlining colour in these panels shows the hierarchical cluster assignment of these flanking groups. The plasmid group panel shows group membership of plasmids carrying the blaCTX−M−15 gene with each x axis position representing a distinct group and black bars showing the presence or absence of these for isolates in the tree. The encircled numbers denote: 1—different flanking sequences in the same ST, 2—different flanking sequences in the same plasmid group, 3—the same flanking group found in both chromosomal and plasmid contexts and 4—different plasmid groups harbouring the gene found within the same ST. Source data are provided in the supplementary “Source Data” file.