Fig. 8: M2 macrophage boosts adipocyte mitochondria content via blocking Ets1.

Western blot analysis of mitochondrial oxidative respiratory chain (OXPHOS) in mature adipocytes derived from in iWAT of Ets1 adipocyte knock-in (A) and knock-out mice (EAKO) (B), in comparison with corresponding control littermates (n = 3 per group). C Transmission electron microscopy showing the structure of mitochondria. Left, iWAT samples were separated from EC+/+ and EA+/+ mice, after 7 days of Cl316243 treatment; Right, iWAT samples separated from Flox and EAKO mice, after 14 weeks of HFD feeding. N = 3 per group. Scale bar: 500 nm. D–F SVFs separated from iWAT of wild type C57 mice were cultured in vitro. The plate-fully-covered cells were infected with indicate adenovirus for 6 h, then induced differentiation towards beige adipocytes. 5 days later, the cells were treated with 50% ATM CDM for 24 h. D Western blot analysis of the level of OXPHOS, Ets1, and Ucp1 (n = 2). E Quantitative PCR showing the mRNA levels of Ets1 and thermogenic markers (n = 4). F OCR measured at Day 6 (n = 6). G–J M2 BMDM were adopted in both side of iWAT, either in EC+/+ or EA+/+ mice. After 6OHDA induced SNS ablation, all mice were then treated with a 4-day cold stress. N = 5 for sham group, n = 6 for adoption group. G Western blot analysis of the level of OXPHOS, Ets1, and Ucp1. H General morphology of iWAT (left) and H&E staining of iWAT (right). Scale bar: 100 μm. I Rectal temperature measured during old stress. EC+/+ M2 adoption VS. EC+/+ Sham, p = 0.6554/0.9632/0.0138/0.0298/0.0159/0.0171/0.0030 for 0/2/4/8/24/48/96 h; EA+/+ M2 adoption VS. EC+/+ M2 adoption, p = 0.7173/0.0167/0.0001/0.0028/0.0133/0.0001/0.0023 for 0/2/4/8/24/48/96 h; J qPCR testing Ets1, macrophage marker F4/80, and thermogenic fat marker genes. All blot assay was repeated two times independently. Data are means ± SEM. Two-sided Student’s t-test was used to evaluate statistical significance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.