Fig. 5: Microglia nodules in MS are involved in lipid metabolism.

IHC stainings (FABP5, DAGLB, STARD13, and IAH1 in magenta, HLA in green). a An HLA⁺ FABP5⁺ microglia nodule in MS and (b) an HLA⁺ FABP5^- microglia nodule in stroke. c In MS, microglia nodules more often express FABP5 than in stroke (p = 3.3e-6). NAWM quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, NAWM adjacent to nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, nodules quantified in n = 6 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors. d An HLA⁺ DAGLB⁺ microglia nodule in MS and (e) HLA⁺ DAGLB^- microglia nodule in stroke. f In MS, microglia nodules more often express DAGLB compared to microglia nodules in stroke (p = 1.11e-8). NAWM quantified in n = 6 MS donors and n = 7 stroke donors, NAWM adjacent to nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors (g) An HLA⁺ STARD13⁺ microglia nodule in MS and (h) an HLA⁺ STARD13^- microglia nodule in stroke. i In MS, microglia nodules more often express STARD13 compared to microglia nodules in stroke (p < 0.05). NAWM quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 5 stroke donors, NAWM adjacent to nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors. j An HLA⁺ IAH1⁺ microglia nodule in MS and (k) an HLA⁺ IAH1^- microglia nodule in stroke. l Microglia nodules in MS do not significantly more often express IAH1 compared to those in stroke. NAWM quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, NAWM adjacent to nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors, nodules quantified in n = 7 MS donors and n = 6 stroke donors Bar plots show mean value ± standard deviation. Significance was tested with a two-sided quasibinomial generalized linear model without correction for multiple testing, *p value < 0.05, **p value < 0.01, ***p value < 0.001. Bar plots show mean value ± standard deviation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.