Fig. 4: Lipo-SM-CSS-Chol enhanced the therapeutic effects of IRI in late-stage metastatic orthotopic KPC-Luc pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

a, A table showing the physicochemical characterizations of various IRI/Lipo with eq. 35 mol % Chol (eq. 64.4 mol % Chol for IRI/Lipo-PChcPC)^15,17 and 5 mol % DSPE-PEG_2K (n = 3 independent experiments). b–g Therapeutic efficacy in metastatic orthotopic PDAC tumor mouse model. A total of 2 × 10⁶ cells were injected into the pancreas of B6129SF1/J mice (n = 6 mice). On day 11, the primary tumors reached ~400 mg with noticeable metastasis (b) and mice were intravenously injected with various IRI/Lipo or Onivyde at 40 mg IRI/kg on days 11, 14, and 17. c Mice Lago bioluminescence imaging (BLI) on days 11, 18, and 25. Two mice in group A died on day 20 and 24, respectively. d Representative ex vivo BLI (upper panel) and photographs (lower panel) for various organs on day 25. e Normalized BLI for whole mice tumor burden. Normalized BLI in various organs (f) and a heatmap summarizing tumor metastatic rate (g) on day 25. Data in a (right portion), e, f (n = 6 mice) are expressed as mean ± s.d. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.