Fig. 5: Redox-associated sex dimorphism in cardiac phenotype.

a Pearson correlation between left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) of Mlp^-/- mice with reduced LVEF (EF < 40%) and cardiac expression of Hmox1 estimated by qPCR. The p-value was derived from a two-tailed Pearson correlation analysis. b Thickness of the left ventricle anterior wall (LVAW) or posterior wall (LVPW), normalized to LV diameter, in male and female Mlp^-/- mice. The values are the average of systolic and diastolic states. Bars represent mean ± SEM with unpaired two-tailed t-test. c LVEF in male and female Mlp^-/- mice at the age of 10 weeks. The median is shown on the plot, with the interquartile range and unpaired two-tailed t-test. d Changes in LVEF of male and female Mlp^-/- mice over time. Bars represent mean ± SEM with paired two-tailed t-test. e Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) stained for α-actinin and imaged with a spinning disk confocal microscope to visualize the effect of SF and NAC treatments on cell shape and structure, and subsequent ImageJ analysis of cell surface area and the minimum caliper diameter of the SF or NAC-treated NRCMs, measured in pixel (px). The median is shown on the plot, with the interquartile range and unpaired one-tailed t-test. Source data are available in the Source Data file.