Fig. 2: A Sankey diagram for global flows of lithium that available data suggest are involved in battery material supply chains. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: A Sankey diagram for global flows of lithium that available data suggest are involved in battery material supply chains.

From: Electric vehicle battery chemistry affects supply chain disruption vulnerabilities

Fig. 2

See Supplementary Text S3-2 for further details and data sources. Note that the scale of production − 82,500 metric tons of lithium were mined and extracted in 2020 (excluding missing production). Note that LMO (lithium manganese oxide) and LCO (lithium cobalt oxide) cathodes are currently rarely used in electric vehicle batteries.

Back to article page