Fig. 1: Sarcoma mouse models recapitulate immune-excluded and -infiltrated TME.

a GSEA Pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data from 251 sarcoma patient samples which were stratified based on CCNE1-high vs. unaltered expression (n = 16; 235) or VGLL3-high vs. unaltered expression (n = 8; 243). b Overview of platform for modeling tumorigenesis utilizing murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from p53^KO mice. c Flow cytometry analysis of the proportion of infiltrating CD45⁺ immune cells of total cells. Relative proportions of tumor infiltrating immune cells: CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, tumor associated macrophage (TAM), monocytes, and NK cells (n = 9 Ccne1⁺; n = 10 Vgll3⁺ mice). d Immunofluorescence staining of CD8⁺ T cells (green) and CD4⁺ T cells (red) (Scale bars 500 μm (top) and 100 μm (bottom)). Images are representative of three independent experiments with n = 4 mice. e, f Quantifications of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ cells/field in ROIs encompassing the tumor margin or the tumor parenchyma (n = 8 ROIs from n = 3 mice). g, h Tumor growth following treatment with doxorubicin (DOX, 6 mg/kg) in Ccne1⁺ and Vgll3⁺ tumor bearing mice. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison was used to determine differences between groups (n = 5 mice). Unless otherwise indicated, results are presented as mean ± SEM and p-values are derived by a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.