Fig. 2: Stylized modeling framework.
From: Policy and market forces delay real estate price declines on the US coast

Depicts internal model dynamics (black) for which agent actions and outcomes are endogenously determined and external forcings (red, green, and blue) that exogeneously influence actions and outcomes for the coupled human-natural system (a). The remaining panels provide details on human decisions, including risk assessments and property valuations (b), owner agent flux (c), and beach nourishment decisions (d).