Fig. 7: Tdap-IPV induces stronger anti-viral gene expression compared to Tdap. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: Tdap-IPV induces stronger anti-viral gene expression compared to Tdap.

From: Antiviral responses induced by Tdap-IPV vaccination are associated with persistent humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis

Fig. 7

A Approach for comparing the effects of Tdap and Tdap-IPV vaccination. B Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on a list of genes ranked by the difference in log2-fold change (D1/D0) between Tdap-IPV (combined NL and UK cohorts) and Tdap vaccination (Antunes cohort). Significantly enriched (FDR < 0.05) blood transcription modules (BTMs) are shown. C Genes of selected BTMs from (B) are shown with the log2-fold expression (D1/D0) of Tdap-IPV (combined NL and UK cohorts) and Tdap vaccines. Differentially expressed genes (DEG, FDR < 0.05 and | Log2 fold change| > 0.5) are marked with an asterisk. Statistical significance was calculated with a negative binomial linear model and FDR adjusted two-sided p values were calculated. D Dot plot of selected BTMs (rows) whose activity 1 day post-vaccination (D1/D0) is associated with the adjusted log10 fold change of PT-specific antibody responses (columns) 30 days (Day 30/Day 0) or 90 days (D90/Day 0) post Tdap vaccination. Data are N = 32 participants in the Tdap cohort. GSEA was used to identify positive (red) or negative (blue) enrichment of BTMs within pre-ranked gene lists, where genes were ordered according to their correlation between gene expression and antibody response. Selected BTMs that are associated with antibody responses after Tdap-IPV vaccination (related to Fig. 3) are labeled on the y-axis, and significant correlations of those BTMs with the Tdap-induced PT antibody response are shown (nominal p < 0.05), enriched BTMs with FDR < 0.05 are highlighted with a black border. BTMs are annotated according to biological function on the right. Statistical significance and p-values of GSEA analyses (B, D) were calculated against an empirical null distribution and reflect two-sided tests. False discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p values were calculated. Abbreviations: FHA filamentous hemagglutinin, PRN pertactin, PT pertussis toxin, PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.

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