Fig. 1: Temporal evolutions of the Atlantic meridional overturing circulation (AMOC) and Pacific meridional overturning circulation (PMOC) with the sequential uplift of different mountains in Flat2Real.
From: The role of mountains in shaping the global meridional overturning circulation
The AMOC is represented by a red-scale colored curve, and the PMOC, by a blue-scale colored curve. Each segment corresponds to one mountain uplift. The “+“ sign is used to indicate that a topography is added to the previous stage. The AMOC and PMOC indexes are defined as the maximum meridional overturning streamfunction (units: Sv, 1 Sv = 106 m3/s) between 20° and 70°N and below 500-m depth in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, respectively. Each time series is smoothed using a 51-year running mean. The mountain uplifts here are the Rocky Mountains (RM), Antarctic (AT), Andes Mountains (AM), Greenland (GL), and Tibetan Plateau (TP).
