Fig. 3: Effect of a toluene selective nutrient niche on growth and survival of P. veronii within resident soil communities.

a Community sizes in presence or absence of toluene, with or without P. veronii (Pv). Dots show replicate total flow cytometry (FCM) cell counts per g soil (n = 4 microcosms; ‘no toluene’ data reproduced from Fig. 1e for clarity) with lines connecting the means. P-values from Wilcoxon sign rank and post hoc Dunn tests (two-sided), in pairs as per the colors. Kruskal-Wallis post hoc Dunn test of the effect of inoculant on the GROWING NatCom sizes at day 56. b P. veronii population development within GROWING or STABLE NatCom exposed to toluene or not. (P. veronii without toluene reproduced from Fig. 2a for clarity). P-value from Kruskal-Wallis test for the difference between toluene- or non-treated samples. Post hoc Dunn P-values test differences of P. veronii population sizes at day 56 as a function of toluene treatment between GROWING or STABLE NatComs. c, d Deviations of amplicon sequence variant (ASV) relative abundances in P. veronii inoculated vs. non-inoculated microcosms (GROWING or STABLE), without (c) or with exposure to toluene (d). Dots represent time-paired log10-transformed relative abundances of the same ASV across all biological replicates (Pv abundances shown in subplot) and treatments. The diagonal trendline is the log-linear regression of all GROWING or STABLE comparisons, excluding toluene. Magenta circles emphasize outlier ASVs (genus abbreviation according to list on the right), whose relative abundance is more than five-fold different than the standard deviation of the residuals of the log-linear regressions. e Total outlier distances (dots are individual replicate values, n = 4 experiments), per treatment or inoculant in comparison to no treatment, as the sum of all outlier residuals to the regression models, separated for enriched or depleted taxa. ANOVA tests the complete GROWING or STABLE data sets, with letters indicating significantly different groups in post hoc multiple testing (p < 0.05). f As in (e), but for the comparison of NatComs exposed to toluene in presence or absence of P. veronii, and separated per time point (P-values from two-sided Kruskal-Wallis signed rank test).