Fig. 4: miR-1 functions in pharynx development and physiology.
A Micrographs showing miR-1-pr expression during embryogenesis and at the L1 stage. B Left: Changes in miR-1-pr expression in pha-4(zu225) embryos at 20 °C. The barcode indicates cell type of each traced terminal cell with a color scheme identical to Fig. 3F. Middle: Micrographs comparing miR-1-pr expression at the 350-cell stage. Right: Comparison of miR-1-pr expression levels in equivalent cells (dots) of the wild type and pha-4(zu225) embryos. The dashed diagonal indicates equality of X and Y. Only wild-type/mir-1 embryo pairs with an identical orientation were compared; different colors indicate different embryo pairs. Only cell tracks with both PHA-4 and miR-1-pr expression were included. Statistics: Wilcoxon rank sum test, two-tailed. C Comparison of miR-1-pr expression after removing the PHA-4-bound region. D Expression changes and Q values of genes exhibiting differential expression in mir-1(n4101) embryos. E Overlap of the set of downregulated genes in mir-1(n4101) with gene sets relating to pharynx development. Statistics: one-sided hypergeometric test. Peak regions of PHA-4 ChIP-seq from two sources were used to identify PHA-4 target genes76,160. F Changes in the expression of genes related to pharyngeal gland development. Purple indicates genes selected for qRT-PCR verification. G Quantitative RT-PCR comparing the expression levels of five selected gland-related genes and a negative-control gene (elt-2) relative to the tba-1 gene between wild-type and mir-1(n4101) embryos. Each bar represents the mean value. H Comparison of embryonic and postembryonic arrest rates between single and double mutants of mir-1 and tbx-2. L4 stage P0 animals were cultured at 25 °C, and their F1 progeny were subsequently utilized for analysis. The P value (two-tailed Chi-square test) compares the observed L1-L3 arrest rate to that predicted based on the additive effects of single mutants. I Comparison of pharynx pumping rates between wild type, mir-1 mutants, and two known mutants that exhibit abnormal pumping rates at the young adult stage. Data are represented as mean ± SD. Statistics (Mann–Whitney U test, two-tailed) were performed between a mutant and the wild type. J Proposed action model of miR-1 in the pharynx. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
