Fig. 4: Real-time sensing of a Xcc infection event in planta in pak choi.
From: Decoding early stress signaling waves in living plants using nanosensor multiplexing
a Brightfield image of pak choi leaf infiltrated with SA sensor (blue arrow) and reference sensor (red arrow) on the left and right side of the midvein respectively with sensor areas represented as overlay; b Derived SA concentration maps after Xcc infection at t = 15 min on the top half of the leaf above the sensor spot, showing the spatial distribution of SA accumulated within the sensor spot over 6 h; c Change in local SA concentrations for Xcc-infected (blue) and buffer-infiltrated (red) pak choi plants over 6 h. Xcc infection or buffer infiltration of the pak choi leaves occurs at t = 15 min. Shaded regions represent standard error across three biologically independent replicates; d Average concentrations of SA in pak choi determined by LCMS, 6 h after Xcc infection compared to buffer infiltrated pak choi. Bar graph shows the mean values with error bars representing standard deviations from biologically independent experiments (n = 3). Dots represent each data point; e Rate of SA production derived from the concentration-time curve by taking the gradient of the tangent at every 15-min time-point post Xcc infection. Shaded regions represent standard error across three independent replicates; f Bright-field images of pak choi infiltrated with the reference sensor and SA sensor to the right and left of leaf midvein respectively with sensor areas represented as overlay; g Change in local SA concentrations in pak choi plants before pip treatment (0 h), and after pip treatment (2, 4, and 6 h); h Change in the local SA concentration measured upon 1 mM pip treatment at t = 15 min (black arrow). Shaded regions represent standard error across three independent replicates; i Average concentrations of SA in pak choi determined by LCMS, 6 h after pip treatment compared to WT. Bar graphs show the mean values with error bars representing standard deviations from biologically independent experiments (n = 3). Dots represent each data point. Two-tailed unpaired t-test, ****P < 0.0001.
