Fig. 1: Comparison of the crystal and cryo-EM structures of GLIC in the apo state.

a Overall structure of GLIC in a cartoon representation. One subunit is colored cyan for clarity. Important regions of the model are colored red. The membrane bilayer is shown as a gradient of apricot color. b Superposition of GLICaso-pH7.5 (plum) and GLICpH7.5 (purple) structures by TMD in a cartoon representation. c The upper part of the ECD shows subtle changes in the loops indicated by the bidirectional arrows. Helices are shown as cylinders. d Superposition of GLICpH7.5 (purple) and GLICdetergent-pH7.5 (sky blue, PDB ID: 4NPQ) by TMD shows conformational differences in Loop F (e), Loop C (f), Loop A (g), β1-β2 loop (g), and M2–M3 loop (g), which are highlighted in zoom view. Only one subunit is colored for clarity. The central axis is shown as a green cylinder. Arrows indicate the direction of movement.