Fig. 4: Thermal shock resistance of CeAlOx/Ni/Ni-foam catalyst.

CH4 yield of a CeAlOx/Ni/Ni-foam and b Ni/CeAlOx catalysts during heating-cooling treatment (reaction conditions: GHSV = 10,000 h−1, CO2:H2:N2 = 18:72:10, P = 0.1 MPa); c XRD spectra of Ni/CeAlOx catalyst before and after cyclic reaction; d TPO results of CeAlOx/Ni/Ni-foam and Ni/CeAlOx catalysts after heating-cooling cycle tests; e TPSR results of methane on Ni/CeAlOx and CeAlOx/Ni/Ni-foam. Reaction conditions: 10 vol% CH4/Ar, GHSV = 15,000 h−1; f STEM images of CeAlOx/Ni/Ni-foam and Ni/CeAlOx catalysts before and after heating-cooling cycle tests.