Fig. 4: Ranging experiment.
From: Photonic-electronic integrated circuit-based coherent LiDAR engine

a Schematics of the experimental setup for ranging experiments. The amplified laser chirp scans the target scene via a set of galvo mirrors. A digital sampling oscilloscope (DSO) records the balanced detected beating of the reflected and reference optical signals. CIRC - circulator, COL - collimator, BPD - balanced photodetector. b Point cloud consisting of ~ 104 pixels featuring the doughnut on a cone and C, S letters as a target 10 m away from the collimator. c The Fourier transform over one period, highlighting collimator, circulator and target reflection beatnotes. Blackman-Harris window function was applied to the time trace prior to the Fourier transformation. d Detection histogram of (b). e Single point imaging depth histogram indicating 1.5 cm precision of the LiDAR source.