Fig. 1: In vitro characterization of CoPoP liposomes decorated with stabilized HIV-1 Env antigens.

a Antigenic binding profile of soluble His-tagged clade C HIV-1 Envs ConC, sC4, and C97ZA and clade B ConB Env against a panel of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) (PGT145, VRC26, PGDM1400, 2G12, PGT128, VRC01, 3BNC60, VRC34, PGT151 and 35O22) and non-bNAbs (F105, b6, 14e, 447-52D and 17b) using biolayer interferometry. Bars represent average ± standard deviation (SD) of n = 3 technical replicates (open circles). b Melting temperature (Tm₅₀) of HIV-1 Env trimers from a as measured by nano differential scanning fluorimetry (nanoDSF). c Composition, diameter, and polydispersity index (PDI) of CoPoP liposome formulations CoP1, CoP2, and CoP3. Average diameter, PDI, and HIV-1 Env trimer density of CoPoP liposomes decorated with clade C HIV-1 Env trimers ConC, sC4 or C97ZA. The use of DOPC phospholipid is indicated with *. d Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) images of CoP1, CoP2, and CoP3 liposomes decorated with sC4 Env. Scale bar = 50 nm. Two representative images per grid are shown from a single Cryo-EM analysis experiment. e Antigenic binding profile of ConC, sC4, and C97ZA HIV-1 Env trimers displayed on CoPoP liposomes (CoP1, CoP2, CoP3) measured by AlphaLISA binding assay, using bNAbs PGT128 and PGT145, non-bNAb F105, and by anti-His tag detection. Soluble His-tagged ConC and ConB proteins (Envs) were included as controls. Bars represent area under the curve of AlphaLISA signal obtained with a dilution series of Env. f Rabbit serum stability of BG505-CoPoP (CoP1, CoP2, CoP3) and BG505-Ni-NTA (Ni-NTA) liposomes measured by AlphaLISA binding assay using bNAbs PGT128 and PGT145 and by anti-His tag detection. Soluble His-tagged BG505 protein (Env) was included as a control. Bars represent average AlphaLISA signal ± standard deviation (SD) of n = 2 (open diamonds) or n = 3 (open circles) technical replicates. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.