Fig. 7: Simulation of neural tunings on population vector during single and double reach.

a Example neurons of three simulated datasets. Averaged firing rates of different conditions (first reach directions) are shown in corresponding colors. These three example model neurons were simulated according to the single cosine, the additive, and the multiplicative models with the same preferred direction \({\theta }_{{{{{{{\mathrm{PD}}}}}}}}\). b Directional tunning curves with (solid line) and without (dash line) modulation. c Population vectors of three simulated datasets. Population vectors were calculated every 50 ms. The vector angle indicates the decoded reach direction while the correct reaching direction is upward. The population vector of the multiplicative dataset is pointed in the same direction as the PV of the single cosine dataset, while the PVs of the additive dataset shift away from the desired reaching direction.