Fig. 5: Active catalyst studies.

a Reaction pathway for generating A and B*, respectively. 80 K 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of their solid crystals with parameters δ = 0.37 mm/s and |ΔEQ | = 1.16 mm/s (A) and δ = 0.39 mm/s and |ΔEQ | = 2.92 mm/s (B*), and their crystal structures with selected bond lengths and angles. b 80 K 57Fe Mössbauer spectrum of the catalytic reaction with chiral NHC L5 at t = 360 min. c Reaction of in situ generated B* with indole substrate 1a to generate C−H alkylated product.