Fig. 2: Manipulating mechanical stress distribution in varied geometric regions.
a Design domain, boundary conditions, and three distinct stress control regions (rectangle, square, and ring-shape in Cases 1–3, respectively). The variable u = 1.5 mm represents displacement loading. Variables σh and \({\overline{\sigma }}^{h}\) are actual and target hydrostatic stresses (in MPa), respectively. b Optimized irregular architected materials made of randomly yet optimally distributed microstructures. c Spatially varying distribution of properties, as represented by the D11 elastic modulus (in MPa). d Precise stress manipulation (in MPa) is realized by the spatially varying material property. e Stress convergence study of the generated material in Case 3. The variable k represents the number of basic building blocks in one direction within one microstructure. Each error bar represents the distribution of hydrostatic stress of one specimen. The dots and the half-lengths of error bars indicate the mean values and the standard deviations, respectively. f Experimental setup for measuring the displacement field. g,h Displacements (in mm) in the loading direction obtained experimentally from the digital image correlation (DIC) and numerically from the finite element analysis (FEA), respectively. i–k Detailed comparisons of the average displacements within the control regions for the 3 cases. The measured values and error bars of experiments are also plotted.
