Fig. 5: Template matching predicts the relative orientations of ribosome subunits and assigns ribosome rotational States.

a Tomogram slice. b, c TM finds the positions of the 80S (green) ribosomes annotated with high confidence (96.9% of particles within 2.4 ± 1.5 nm). Two more templates were tested, (i) the small (40S - pink) and (ii) the large (60S - blue) ribosomal subunits. d Calculated position and rotation of the 40S and 60S mapped back to the tomogram compared to the calculated orientation for 80S from TM. Note that the positions and orientations displayed the subunits and the 80S were obtained from independent TM calculations. e Comparison of the assignment of the ratchet-like rotational states of the ribosome from TM using a Gaussian mixture model⁴³ with existing annotations⁴. f Templates for rotational states. g Ratio of TM scores as function as function of assigned rotation state (line: median; box: interquartile range; error bars: range, n = 28, 46 for rotated and unrotated, respectively). h Consistency of assignment (annotated as rotated: blue; unrotated: orange). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.