Fig. 3: Operating principle and performance of PnP-QLED.
From: Household alternating current electricity plug-and-play quantum-dot light-emitting diodes
a Schematic device structure of a plug-and-play QLED (PnP-QLED). A basis PnP-QLED consists of two side-by-side AC-QLEDs connected in series. By doing so, the driving voltage is doubled. B-QLED/T-QLED represents the bottom/top QLED in tandem QLED. AC-QLED represents a tandem QLED that was operated in alternating current mode. b Schematic circuit diagrams and photos of a PnP-QLED under the positive and negative driving cycles: JF/JR represents the forward/reverse current density in PnP-QLED (also demonstrated in Supplementary Movie 2). The J-V-L (c), EQE-L (d), and PE-L characteristics (e), of PnP-QLEDs (the blue/red circle represents the PnP-QLED with 0.2 mm/0.5 mm lengths of IZO wire) and S-QLED (purple circle), respectively. S-QLED represents a tandem QLED that was operated in direct current mode. The significant decrease in EQE and PE of PnP-QLED is evidently induced by the reverse current in the parallel circuit and resistance of IZO wire.
