Table 1 Baseline participant characteristics
From: Individualized prevention of proton pump inhibitor related adverse events by risk stratification
Variable | UK biobank (n = 501,109) | NHS (n = 91,708) | NHS II (n = 99,641) | HPFS (n = 30,933) | CDARS (n = 1,356,333) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) age (years) | 57.0 (8.1) | 68.4 (7.1) | 48.8 (4.6) | 71.4 (8.4) | 67.5 (7.0) | |
Female, no. (%) | 272,632 (54.4) | 91,708 (100.0) | 99,641 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 464,727 (34.3) | |
White, no. (%) | 474,203 (94.6) | 89,158 (97.2) | 95,721 (96.1) | 28,243 (91.3) | NA | |
Postmenopausal women, no. (%) | 194,109 (38.7) | 91,307 (99.6) | 49,182 (49.4) | 0 (0.0) | NA | |
Mean (SD) BMI, kg/m2 | 27.4 (4.8) | 26.9 (5.4) | 27 (6.4) | 23.5 (8.8) | NA | |
Never smoker, no. (%) | 275,748 (55.0) | 42,126 (45.9) | 64,889 (65.1) | 14,507 (46.9) | NA | |
No-alcohol drinkers, no. (%) | 40,510 (8.1) | 33,296 (36.3) | 25,677 (25.8) | 5827 (18.8) | NA | |
Median (IQR) physical activity, MET hours/week | 29.5 (46.0) | 12.9 (30.3) | 16.7 (40.5) | 38.4 (69.9) | NA | |
>5 portions of fruit and vegetable per day, no. (%) | 189,346 (37.8) | 19,743 (21.5) | 17,600 (17.7) | 6398 (20.7) | NA | |
Mean (SD) AHEI score | NA | 50.8 (10.4) | 51.5 (10.3) | 56.1 (10.0) | NA | |
Prevalent comorbidities, no. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
GERD | 36,188 (7.2) | 27,180 (29.6) | 27,648 (27.8) | 8721 (28.2) | 377,080 (27.8) | |
Gastric or duodenal ulcer | 11,825 (2.4) | 2819 (3.1) | 2441 (2.4) | 1205 (3.9) | 48,828 (3.1) | |
Upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding | 4095 (0.8) | 1718 (1.9) | 595 (0.6) | 737 (2.4) | 28,482 (2.1) | |
Cancer | 28,690 (5.7) | 13,675 (14.9) | 2871 (2.9) | 4234 (13.7) | 223,746 (16.5) | |
Hypertension | 294,329 (58.7) | 45,044 (49.1) | 17,471 (17.5) | 15,673 (50.7) | 694,442 (51.2) | |
Hypercholesterolemia | 93,596 (18.7) | 55,781 (60.8) | 29,409 (29.5) | 18,745 (60.6) | 293,893 (21.7) | |
Diabetes | 29,967 (6.0) | 8257 (9.0) | 3040 (3.1) | 3155 (10.2) | 453,348 (33.4) | |
Current medication use, no. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Multivitamin | 75,507 (15.1) | 52,393 (57.1) | 48,938 (49.1) | 19,408 (62.7) | NA | |
PPI | 51,241 (10.2) | 5526 (6.0) | 5222 (5.2) | 4550 (14.7) | 722,835 (53.3) | |
Aspirin | 71,928 (14.4) | 16,026 (17.5) | 9036 (9.1) | 15,837 (51.2) | 737,025 (54.3) | |
NSAIDs | 155,648 (31.1) | 59,496 (64.9) | 50,040 (50.2) | 19,390 (62.7) | 802,202 (59.1) | |
Statin | 81,728 (16.3) | 19,088 (20.8) | 6499 (6.5) | 11,295 (36.5) | 348,707 (25.7) | |
ACEIs | 49,453 (9.9) | 10,699 (11.7) | 4147 (4.2) | 4767 (15.4) | 230,576 (17.0) | |
Beta-blockers | 32,399 (6.5) | 14,435 (15.7) | 5802 (5.8) | 5078 (16.4) | 97,655 (7.2) | |
Calcium-channel blockers | 31,325 (6.3) | 7908 (8.6) | 2036 (2.0) | 2558 (8.3) | 112,575 (8.3) | |
Thiazide diuretics | 31,105 (6.2) | 12,179 (13.3) | 5267 (5.3) | 3168 (10.2) | 12,991 (9.6) | |
Antidepressants | NA | 9075 (9.9) | 15,556 (15.6) | 482 (1.6) | 31,722 (2.3) | |
Antibiotics | NA | 75,592 (82.4) | 85,244 (85.6) | 19,395 (62.7) | 19,786 (1.5) | |
