Fig. 2: oHSV upregulates ZBP1 by inducing the accumulation of Z-RNA.
From: Fn-OMV potentiates ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis triggered by oncolytic HSV-1 to fuel antitumor immunity
a Heatmap showing the expression of signature genes related to ISG mRNA in oHSV-treated (MOI = 1, 24 h) 4T1 (left) and 4MOSC1 (right) cells. b Heatmap indicated the expression of signature genes related to ISG mRNA with high editing indices in oHSV-treated (MOI = 1, 24 h) 4T1 (left) and 4MOSC1 (right) cells. c Heatmap demonstrated the influence of the expression of ISG mRNA with high editing indices on oHSV-treated (MOI = 1, 24 h) 4T1 cells after IFNAR-1 blockade. d 4T1 cells were infected with oHSV (MOI = 1, 24 h) and IFNAR-1 blockade, the cellular protein was analyzed by western blotting to detect the expression level of ZBP1. Western blotting was done thrice independently with similar results. e The expression of Z-NA and ZBP1 in 4T1 tumor cells after oHSV (MOI = 1, 24 h) alone and oHSV combined with DNase I (25 UmL−1) treatment was evaluated using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope. Scale bars = 10 μm. Data were repeated thrice independently with similar results. f The expression of Z-RNA in tumor cells after oHSV (MOI = 1, 24 h) treatment and IFNAR-1 blockade was evaluated using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope. Scale bars = 10 μm. Data were repeated thrice independently with similar results. g Model diagram illustrating the upregulation of ZBP1 by oHSV through the induction of Z-RNA accumulation. The release of LDH (left) and ATP (right) from 4T1 (h) tumor cells after oHSV (MOI = 1, 24 h) treatment and IFNAR-1 blockade. n  =  3 independent experiments for (a–c, h). Statistical significance was determined using two-tailed Student’s t test in (h). Data represent the mean ± s.e.m. Scale bar, 10 μm. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.
