Fig. 8: Post-resolution PGE2 via EP4 prevents excessive tissue injury and regulates macrophage trafficking.

The dosing regime in (A) revealed the impact of therapeutically antagonising post-resolution EP4 on (B) fibrosis along with examples of vascular occlusion (arrows) and (C) macrophage infiltration by confocal microscopy as well as (D–G) flow cytometry at day 14. These infiltrated macrophages were examined for their (H) phagocytic ability. The infiltration of post-resolution macrophages was associated with a second wave of (I, J) CCL2 expression with its receptor (K, L) CCR2 being negatively controlled by (M) EP4. A Alveoli, B bronchiole, BV blood vessel. Students unpaired t-test was used to compare the means of two groups. Differences between multiple groups were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. A p value of <0.05 was taken as the threshold of significance with graphical representation as; p < 0.05 = *, p < 0.01 = ** and p < 0.001 = *** and presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3–5 mice/group).