Fig. 1: Underlying physical mechanisms of the vectorial-mode parity Hall effect.
From: Optical vectorial-mode parity Hall effect: a case study with cylindrical vector beams

a Schematic representation of polarization dispersion in a conventional birefringent crystal. no (ne) and v1 (v2) represent the effective refractive index and propagating velocity for the ordinary (extraordinary) wave, respectively. b Achieving polarization dispersion with homogenous form birefringence. c Enabling vectorial mode parity dispersion through a symmetric form-birefringence configuration. d Realization of the vectorial-mode parity Hall effect by introducing spatial variation to the configuration in c. k1 and k2 represent the wave vectors of the output two vectorial modes, respectively.