Fig. 1: Adipocyte-specific ESRRA ablation augments bone formation and inhibits MAT expansion in DIO osteopenia mice.
From: Targeting adipocyte ESRRA promotes osteogenesis and vascular formation in adipocyte-rich bone marrow
a Schematic diagram illustrating the experimental procedure for diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice model. 9-week-old Esrrafl/fl and EsrraAKO male mice were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. (Schematic created with BioRender.com. Agreement number: WP26KB8FER). b Representative pictures and body weights of NCD and DIO mice. c Representative images and weight analysis of white adipose tissue (WAT) depots, including gonadal WAT (gWAT), inguinal WAT (iWAT), and mesentery WAT (mWAT). d Plasma triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels. e Plasma leptin, IL-6 and TNFa levels. f Representative micro-CT images of the distal femoral trabecular bone. g Quantitative analysis of bone volume/tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), trabecular number (Tb. N) and trabecular separation (Tb. Sp). h H&E staining of femur sections (scale bar: 100 μm). Yellow arrows indicate the bone marrow adipocytes. Osteoblast surface to bone surface ratio (Ob.S/BS) and osteoblast number to bone surface ratio (Ob.N/BS) are shown on the right panel. i Calcein double labeling of trabecular bone (scale bar: 50 μm). Mineral apposition rate (MAR) and bone formation rate (BFR/BS) were determined as graphs. j TRAP staining of femur sections with quantitative analysis of Oc.S/BS and Oc.N/BS. TRAP‐positive purple spots indicate multinucleated osteoclasts (scale bar: 100 μm). Plasma P1NP (k) and CTX1 (l) levels. m PLIN1 positive marrow adipocytes (PLIN1+, red) and SPP1 (green) immunofluorescence staining in femur sections (scale bar: 100 μm). The box in the upper showing the metaphysis region near growth plate is represented at higher magnification in the bottom (scale bar: 50 μm). n The number and area of adipocytes in the femur marrow per tissue area and the quantification of SPP1 fluorescence intensity were measured from femur sections in (m). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 6 mice per group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001. Statistical analysis is performed using two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post hoc analysis. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
