Fig. 1: Impact of feeding and fasting on the mitochondria 3D architecture in liver tissue.

A SEM images, 3D segmentation and reconstruction of individual mitochondria in mid-lobular hepatocytes in fed state. Scale bars from left to right: 500 nm, 5 µm, 1 µm, 500 nm, 500 nm. B SEM images, 3D segmentation and reconstruction of individual mitochondria in mid-lobular hepatocytes in fasted state. Scale bars from left to right: 500 nm, 5 µm, 1 µm, 500 nm, 500 nm. C Number of mitochondria from individual hepatocyte volumes in fed (n = 5 cells) and fasted (n = 6 cells) state. D Left: Mitochondria volume; Right: 95% of confidence interval for data in D. E Mitochondria volume frequency distribution. F Left: Mitochondria sphericity; Right: 95% of confidence interval for data in F. G Mitochondria sphericity frequency distribution. H Left: Mitochondria complexity index (MCI²) calculated based on formula described¹¹ and in methods section; Right: 95% of confidence interval for data in H. I Bivariate plot of volume and MCI² for lean fed (gray) and lean fasted (pink). Each point represents a single mitochondrion. J Left: Quantification of % of mitochondria displaying interaction with lipid droplet (LD); Left: example of LD-mitochondria interaction in fasted state (left). Fed, n = 5 cells and fasted, n = 6 cells. Scale bars: 500 nm. For D–I quantifications were performed in 5 cells from fed data set and 6 cells for fasted conditions. The total mitochondria quantified were n = 14,855 in fed state and n = 6689 in fasted state. Fasted state corresponds to 20 h (overnight) food withdrawal. For the bar graphs, data are shown as mean ± s.e.m.; For C and J, two-tailed unpaired t-test ****p < 0.0001. For D, F, and H, two-tailed unpaired t-test ****p < 0.0001 and permutation test ****p < 0.0001.