Fig. 3: Neural activity peaks recorded by magnetometers and contrasts in magnetoencephalography (MEG) 8-mm source space.

a Exactly as illustrated in Fig. 2, the waveform plot displays the time series averaged over participants (n = 83) for the following groups of MEG channels: (i) magnetometers negative N100, and (ii) magnetometers positive N100. Shaded areas indicate the standard errors. In addition, here we have marked the maximum and minimum peaks of neural activity following the onset of each tone (excluding the first tone). These peaks occurred approximately at 250 ms (purple circle) and 350 ms (yellow circle) after each tone’s onset. b Within a time window of ±20 ms around each peak, we averaged the brain activity across all 3559 reconstructed brain voxels for each condition. In the yellow boxes, we represent the significant brain voxels obtained by contrasting the activity associated with memorised (M) versus novel T1 (NT1). These contrasts were done by using two-sided t-tests and false discovery rate (FDR) to correct for multiple comparisons. Purple boxes depict the same analysis, but for comparisons involving M versus NT1 (tone 2), M versus novel T2 (NT2, tone 3), M versus novel T3 (NT3, tone 4), and M versus novel T4 (NT4, tone 5). In both cases, the red colour shows the brain voxels (t-values) characterised by a stronger activity for M versus NTs, while the blue colour indicates the opposite pattern. For a detailed statistical report, consult Supplementary Data 5. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.