Table 2 Estimated global H2O flux by subducting sediments and crust (with mantle)
From: A role for subducting clays in the water transportation into the Earth’s lower mantle
Parameters | Value | References |
|---|---|---|
thickness of oceanic crust volume of oceanic crust mass of oceanic crust | 5–8 km (av. 7 km) 2100 × 106 km3 6.07 × 1021 kg | Geissler et al. (2017) and White et al. (1992)72,73 Wyllie (1971)74 Ronov and Yaroshevsky (1969)75 |
thickness of oceanic sediment volume of oceanic sediment mass of oceanic sediment | av. 404–927 m 113-337 × 106 km3 0.2–0.4 × 1021 kg | Straume et al. (2019) and references therein76 Hay (1988) and references therein14 |
mean depth of ocean volume of ocean mass of ocean | av. 3.7 km 1332 × 106 km3 1.4 × 1021 kg | Charette and Smith (2010)77 Mackenzie and Garrels78 |
total amount of sediments in trenches sediment fluxes (terrigenous sediment) water fluxes | 1.43 × 1015 g/yr (1.08 × 1015 g/yr) 0.91 × 1015 g/yr | Rea and Ruff (1996)4 |
terrigenous sediment fluxes kaolinite (30%) quartz (10%) smectite-illite (20%), phengite (10%), chlorite (15%), talc (5%), plagioclase (10%) | 3.24 × 1014 g/yr 1.08 × 1014 g/yr 6.48 × 1014 g/yr | Calculated data based on Leinen (1989), Li and Schoonmaker (2003), Windom (1976) and references therein79,80,81 |
H2O flux by clays and their super-hydration/breakdown products in the ASH system | ||
|---|---|---|
subducting kaolinite and quartza pyrophyllite (form at ~10 km depth) (remaining) kaolinite | ~2.90 × 1013 g/yr ~1.62 × 1013 g/yr ~1.28 × 1013 g/yr | Calculated data based on Matsuda et al. (1992), Leinen (1989), Li and Schoonmaker (2003), Windom (1976) and references therein28,79,80,81 |
(super-) hydration breakdown by ~185 km depthb gibbsite + diaspore + coesite super-hydrated kaolinite | ~6.45 × 1013 g/yr ~3.24 × 1013 g/yr ~3.21 × 1013 g/yr | Estimated based on this study and Hwang et al. (2017)26. |
dehydration breakdown by ~250 kmc topaz + diaspore + coesite (kyanite + diaspore + coesite) phase-pi + diaspore + coesite | ~2.26 × 1013 g/yr ~1.62 × 1013 g/yr ( < 0.81 × 1013 g/yr) ~0.64 × 1013 g/yr | |
water-preserving breakdown in the MTZ regiond δ-AlOOH + phase Egg + stishovite topaz-II + stishovite | ~1.62–2.26 × 1013 g/yr ~1.62 × 1013 g/yr <0.64 × 1013 g/yr | |
Total H2O flux by subducting slab | ||
|---|---|---|
subducting terrigenous sediments (without ASH system) 100 km depth 100–150 km depth 150–250 km depth >250 km depth | ~ 5.27 × 1013 g/yr ~3.62–3.93 × 1013 g/yr ~1.93-2.29 × 1013 g/yr <0.76–1.78 × 1013 g/yr | Estimated based on previous studies (details in Table 3) |
subducting crust (and mantle) 100 km depth 100–150 km depth 150–230 km depth >230 km depth | ~3.42–6.32 × 1014 g/yr ~2.52–5.02 × 1014 g/yr ~1.98–3.16 × 1014 g/yr <0.69–0.72 × 1014 g/yr | Calculated data based on van keken et al. (2011) and references therein2 |
