Fig. 4: Magnetic transition and magnetocaloric effect of the GdCoAl and GdCoAlH powders.

a Temperature dependence of magnetization (M). b Magnetic hysteresis loops measured at 5 K. c Temperature dependence of magnetic entropy change (ΔSM) under the maximum applied field of 2 and 5 T. d Summary of maximum magnetic entropy change (\({-\triangle S}_{M}^{{pk}}\)) (magnetic field change ΔH = 5 T) versus the peak temperature (Tp) for the typical Gd-based amorphous and dual-phase alloys, as well as the value of GdCoAlH. e Comparison of the mechanical (ultimate strength σu, yield strength σy, and strain ε) and magnetic properties (\(-\triangle {S}_{M}^{{PK}}\), Tp, coercivity Hc, and relative cooling power RCP) of the GdCoAl and GdCoAlH alloys and representative crystalline Gd and GdSiGe alloys.